CONTROL STATEMENTS IN C++…
CONTROL STATEMENTS IN C++
Control Statements என்பது program-ன் flow of execution-ஐ control செய்யும் statements. Simple definition: Control statements determine the order in which program statements are executed. Normally C++ program: Statement 1 ↓ Statement 2 ↓ Sta…
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Definition
Control Statements என்பது program-ன் flow of execution-ஐ control செய்யும் statements. Simple definition: Cont……
Real Life Example
Real-life example
நீங்கள் college gate-க்கு வருகிறீர்கள். Rule: If ID card is ……
Explanation
Why control statements are needed
Suppose: cout = 40 → Pass Marks < 4……
Explanation
Main types of control statements
C++ control statements முக்கியமாக மூன்று categories: Control Statemen……
SELECTION / DECISION CONTROL STATEMENTS
Explanation
Condition அடிப்படையில் எந்த block execute செய்ய வேண்……
Definition
Condition true என்றால் மட்டும……
Explanation
Flow: Condition / \ True Fals……
Explanation
return 0; }…
Explanation
int age = 20; age variable-ல் 20 store செய்கிறோம……
Real Life Example
If false example
int age = 15; if (age >= 18) ……
Important
if condition-ன் result Boolea……
Program
Example
Explanation
True.…
Explanation
False.…
IF-ELSE STATEMENT
Definition
Condition true என்றால் one bl……
Flow
Condition / \ True False | | ……
Explanation
return 0; }…
Dry Run
marks = 35
Important
if-else-ல் only one block execu……
ELSE-IF LADDER
Definition
Multiple conditions check செய……
Explanation
Example
90+ → Grade A 75+ → Grade B 5……
Explanation
return 0; }…
Dry Run
marks = 82
Important
else-if ladder top-to-bottom check ……
Explanation
Example
int marks = 95;…
Why? First condition: 95 >= 50 → true அதனால் se……
NESTED IF
Definition
ஒரு if statement-க்குள் anoth……
Real Life Example
Real-life example
Job eligibility: Age >= 18 ↓ Qualification available……
Explanation
return 0; }…
Dry Run
age = 22 marks = 70
Explanation
Nested if-else
if (age >= 18) { if (marks >=……
Concept
Common dangling else concept
Consider: if (a > 0) if (b > ……
SWITCH STATEMENT
Definition
One expression-ன் value அடிப்படையில் பல a……
Explanation
Syntax
switch (expression) { case value1: stateme……
Explanation
return 0; }…
Explanation
How switch works
day = 2 Compiler checks: case 1 → no case 2 →……
Explanation
Break in switch
break இல்லாமல் விட்டால் fall-……
Why? case 1 match ஆன பிறகு break……
Explanation
Default
No case match ஆனபோது default execute ஆகும்.……
Program
Example better with if
Explanation
Example better with switch: s……
ITERATION / LOOPING CONTROL STATEMENTS
Explanation
ஒரே statements repeatedly execute ச……
Explanation
Why loop
Without loop: cout…
FOR LOOP
Definition
Number of repetitions roughly……
Program
Example
Explanation
For loop components
for (int i = 1; i…
Flow
Initialization ↓ Condition / \ t……
Dry Run
for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) { cout << i; }
WHILE LOOP
Definition
Condition true இருக்கும் வரை ……
Explanation
Example
int i = 1;…
Flow
While flow
Condition / \ true false | | ……
Important
while is an entry-controlled loop. Why? Condition body execut……
DO-WHILE LOOP
Definition
do-while loop body first exec……
Explanation
return 0; }…
Important
do-while is exit-controlled loop. Because condition ……
Explanation
Example
int x = 10;…
Condition false இருந்தாலும் b……
[FOR vs WHILE]…
JUMP CONTROL STATEMENTS
Program flow-ஐ suddenly chang……
Important
break continue return goto…
BREAK STATEMENT
Definition
break nearest loop அல்லது swi……
Program
Example
Definition
continue current iteration-ன் remain……
Program
Example
3 மட்டும் skip செய்யப்படுகிறது. [BREAK vs CONTINUE] Very impor……
Program
Example
RETURN STATEMENT
Definition
return function execution-ஐ e……
Explanation
Example
int add(int a, int b) { return a +……
Explanation
Main function return
int main() { return 0; } return 0 gen……
Explanation
Return early
int main() { int age = 15; if……
GOTO STATEMENT
Definition
goto control-ஐ ஒரு labeled st……
Explanation
Syntax
goto label; label: statement;…
Program
Example
Explanation
return 0; }…
Important
Important about goto
goto C++-ல் available. ஆனால் modern structured programming-ல் generally avoid செய்வது……
Explanation
Control statements complete classification
CONTROL STATEMENTS │ ├── Selection / Decision │ ├── if │ ├── if-else │ ├── else-if ladder │ ├……
Explanation
Sequential control
One more basic concept. Norma……
Common Mistake
Common error 1 - semicolon after if
Wrong: if (x > 5); { cout 5); semicolon condition-ஐ empty stat……
Common Mistake
Common error 3 - infinite loop
int i = 1; while (i…
Common Mistake
Common error 4 - do-while semicolon
Correct: do { cout…
Common Mistake
Common error 5 - switch without break
switch (x) { case 1: cout…
Common Mistake
Common error 6 - wrong else-if order
Wrong logical order: if (mark……
Program
Better
means: Exit completely continue……
Comparison
Important comparison
Comparison
[ENTRY vs EXIT CONTROLLED LOOP] Entry Controlled Condition fir……
Memory Trick
Three main categories: S I J S → Selection I → Iteration J → ……
TRB Point
What are control statements? Control statements are st……
TRB Point
C++ control statements
1. Selection statements 2. It……
TRB Point
Trb point - important
Which is an entry-controlled loop……
TRB Point
Trb point - important
break Terminates the nearest enclosing loop or switch. continue……
Interview Point
Difference between if and switch? if: if (marks >= 50) Supports ranges an……
Interview Point
Difference between while and do-while? while: Conditio……
Interview Point
What is fall-through in switch? When a matching c……
Program
Example
Explanation
For x = 1: AB…
MCQ
Which statement is used for d……
MCQ
Which is an iteration stateme……
MCQ
Which is an exit-controlled l……
MCQ
Which statement immediately t……
MCQ
Which statement skips only th……
MCQ
Which statement is best suite……
MCQ
A do-while loop executes:…
MCQ
Which operator is normally us……
MCQ
break in a switch is used to:…
MCQ
Which one is a jump statement?…
MCQ
Which loops are entry-control……
Dry Run
Practice - dry run
Practice
Practice 2
int i = 1; while (i…
Practice
Practice 3
int i = 10; do { cout…
Reason: do-while body execute……
Summary
Control Statements Control statements control the order and flow of execution of a C++ program. Three importa……
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