CRYPTOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS
Cryptographic System அல்லது Cryptosystem என்பது information-ஐ unauthorized persons படிக்கவோ, மாற்றவோ, போலியாக உருவாக்கவோ முடியாதபடி பாதுகாக்க பயன்படுத்தப்படும் முழுமையான security system ஆகும். Simple definition: Plaintext + Algorithm + Key…
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4 programs 10 MCQs v4
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Cryptographic System அல்லது Cryptosystem என்பது information-ஐ unauthorized persons படிக்கவோ, மாற்றவோ, போலியாக……
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Suppose Alice, Bob-க்கு ஒரு message அனுப்ப வேண்டும். Message: MEET AT 10 AM இதை normal form-ல் அனுப்பினால் ne……
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Cryptography
Cryptography என்ற வார்த்தை Greek words-லிருந்து வந்தது. Kryptos = Hidden / ……
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Cryptographic system basic model
Sender | v Plaintext | v Encryption Algorithm | Secret Key | v Ciphertext | v Communicati……
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Important terms
Cryptographic systems புரிந்த……
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Original readable message.…
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Example
HELLO அல்லது: Transfer Rs.5000 Plai……
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Encryption செய்த பிறகு கிடைக்கும் unread……
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Plaintext-ஐ Ciphertext-ஆக மாற்……
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C = E(P) Key பயன்படுத்தினால்:……
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Decryption
Ciphertext-ஐ original Plaintext-ஆக……
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P = D(C) அல்லது: P = Dₖ(C)…
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Key
Cryptographic algorithm எப்படி data-ஐ t……
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Example
Strong cryptographic systems-ல் al……
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Cryptographic system components
ஒரு cryptographic system-ல் பொதுவாக பின்வரும் components இருக்க……
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Complete flow
Encryption Key | v Plaintext ---> Encryption Algorithm ---> C……
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Main types of cryptographic systems
Cryptographic systems பொதுவாக மூன்று ம……
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| | | Symmetric Asymmetric Hashing Cryptography Cryptog……
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1. SYMMETRIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY…
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இதில் encryption மற்றும் decryption-க்கு same shared secret key பயன்படுத்தப்படுகிறது. Encryption K……
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Symmetric formula
Encryption: C = Eₖ(P) Decrypt……
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Symmetric advantage
Main advantage: Very fast Lar……
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Symmetric disadvantage
Main problem: Key Distribution Problem Send……
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1. ASYMMETRIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY…
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Asymmetric cryptography-ல் இரண்டு different but mathematically relat……
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Public key
Public Key யாருக்கும் share செய்யலாம். Alice P……
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Private key
Private Key owner மட்டும் secret-ஆக வைத்திருக்க வேண்டும். Private Key ……
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Asymmetric flow
Bob | Plaintext | Alice's Public Key | Encryption……
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Asymmetric examples
Important algorithms: RSA ECC ElGama……
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Asymmetric advantages
Key distribution easier Digital ……
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Asymmetric disadvantages
Compared with symmetric encryption: Slower More computa……
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Comparison
Symmetric vs asymmetric
Comparison
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Comparison
Hash function encryption மாதிரி தோன்றினாலும் இது ……
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Example
HELLO ↓ Hash Function ↓ Hash Digest Hashing-ல் normally decryption இல்லை……
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Hash function characteristics
ஒரு good cryptographic hash function: Deterministic Fix……
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Hash examples
Modern examples: SHA-256 SHA-3 BLAKE2 BLAKE3 Historical algorithms: MD5 ……
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Hash: Hash(password) Application original password-ஐ plai……
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General-purpose SHA-256 மட்டும் பயன்படுத்துவது password storage-க்கு best pra……
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Four security goals
Cryptographic systems நான்கு முக்கிய securi……
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| | | | Confidentiality Integ……
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Confidentiality = ரகசியத்தன்மை ……
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Alice
Attacker இதைப் படிக்கக் கூடாது……
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Integrity = Data மாற்றப்படாமல் இருப்பது Original message: Transfer Rs.1000 Attacker: Transfer Rs.9000……
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Authentication: Message அல்லது user உண்மையில் அவர் சொல்வது போலவே இருக்கிற……
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Non-repudiation என்பது: Sender ஒரு message அல்லது transaction-ஐ செய்த பிறகு: "நான் இ……
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Cryptographic security goals: C I A N Where: ……
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Cryptographic primitives
Cryptographic system என்பது ஒரு single algorithm மட்டும் அல்ல. பல cryptographic building blocks சேர்ந்து ஒரு ……
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Message authentication code
MAC இரண்டு முக்கிய things verify செய்ய உதவும்: Integrity + Message Authentication MAC-ல் ……
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Digital signature
Digital signature என்பது electronic signature-ன் cryptographic form. Simplified model: Message ↓ Hash ↓……
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Important difference
Encryption மற்றும் Digital Signature ஒரே thing அல்ல. Encryption: ……
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Key exchange
Encryption செய்ய முன்னால் sender மற்றும் receiver cryptographic k……
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Diffie-Hellman itself does not directly encrypt the……
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Hybrid cryptographic system
Real-world systems பல நேரங்களில் symmetric + asymmetric ……
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Why hybrid?
Symmetric: Fast ஆனால்: Key distribution difficult Asy……
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Hybrid flow
Asymmetric Cryptography ↓ Securely establish / protect key……
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Session key
ஒரு communication session-க்காக temporarily உருவாக்கப்படும் ……
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Classification based on keys
Cryptographic systems-ஐ key usage அடிப்படையில்: Symmetric One shared secr……
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Classification based on data processing
Encryption algorithms data pr……
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| | Block Stream Cipher Cipher…
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Block cipher
Plaintext-ஐ fixed-size blocks-ஆக pro……
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Stream cipher
Data stream-ஐ தொடர்ச்சியாக pro……
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Cryptographic attack
Attacker cryptographic system-ஐ break……
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Cryptanalysis
Cryptanalysis என்பது: Secret key தெரியாமல் plaintext அல்லது key கண்டுபிடிக்……
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Important terminology
Cryptography + Cryptanalysis = Cryptology Cryptography Secure communication உ……
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Common attack models
Cryptographic systems குறித்த……
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1. Ciphertext-Only Attack…
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Attacker-க்கு ciphertext மட்டும் கிடைக்கும். Attac……
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1. Known-Plaintext Attack…
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Attacker-க்கு: சில plaintext அதற்கான ciphertext இரண்டும் தெரிய……
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1. Chosen-Plaintext Attack…
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Attacker தானாக சில plaintext-களை தேர்வு செய்து அவற்றின் ciphertext out……
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1. Chosen-Ciphertext Attack…
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Attacker சில ciphertext-களை தேர்வு செய்து corresponding decry……
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Brute force attack
Possible keys அனைத்தையும் try செய்வது: Brute Force Attack Suppose key spac……
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Key space
ஒரு key n bits என்றால் theoretically: 2ⁿ possible keys இருக்கலாம். 8-bit key: 2⁸ = 256 possible keys. 128-bit……
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Comparison
Cryptographic algorithm vs protocol
இந்த இரண்டு terms-ஐ confuse ச……
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ஒரு specific mathematical pro……
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Example
AES Protocol பல cryptographic algorithms மற்றும் communication rules சேர்ந்து செய……
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Real-life example
ஒரு secure website connection எடுத்துக்கொள்வோம். User: Browser Server: Bank Website Secure communication syst……
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Comparison
Cryptographic system vs encryption
Key management
Cryptography-ல் algorithm மட்டும் strong இருந்தால் போதாது. Keys-ஐ சரியாக manage செய்ய வேண்டும். Key life ……
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Why key management important?
AES போன்ற strong algorithm பயன்படுத்தினாலும் secret key: 1234 என்று weak-ஆக வைத்தால் security குறையும். அதேபோ……
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Confusion and diffusion
Classical cryptographic design-ல் இரண்டு முக்கிய concepts: Confusion Plaintext/key மற்றும் ciphertext இடையேயா……
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Avalanche effect
ஒரு input bit-ஐ மட்டும் change செய்தாலும் ciphertext-ல் பல bits change ஆக வேண்டும்.……
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ஒரு secure cryptographic system-க்கு: Strong algorithm Strong keys Good random number generation Sec……
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Error 1
"Cryptography means only encryption." Wrong. Cryptography ……
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Error 2
"Hashing and encryption are same." Wrong. Encrypt……
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Error 3
"Public key must be secret." Wrong.……
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Error 4
"Symmetric encryption uses two keys." Wro……
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Cryptographic system types: S A H S = Symmetric A = Asymmetric H =……
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TRB / NET / SET exam-க்கு முக்கிய points: Cryptosystem என்பது cryptographic algorithms, keys மற்றும் operatio……
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The original readable message……
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Converting plaintext into cip……
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Which cryptographic system us……
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Which system uses public and ……
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Which of the following is a s……
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Which is an asymmetric crypto……
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Cryptography and cryptanalysi……
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Which security service keeps ……
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Which technique can provide n……
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Exam point
Cryptographic Systems என்பது data-ஐ secure communication-க்கு பயன்படுத்தப்படும் algorithms, keys மற்றும் cryp……
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CRYPTOGRAPHIC SYSTEM | --------------------------- | | | Symmetric Asymmetric Hash | | | Same Key Two Keys On……
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