Definition
Matplotlib என்பது Python-ல் graphs, charts, plots, and data visualizations உருவாக்க பயன்படும் major visualiza……
Matplotlib
Matplotlib என்பது Python-ல் graphs, charts, plots, and data visualizations உருவாக்க பயன்படும் major visualization library. Official Matplotlib documentation இதை static, animated, interactive visualizations உருவாக்கும் comprehensive Python …
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Intermediate
38 min
291 cards
33 programs 23 MCQs v4
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Program
Example
Explanation
x = [1, 2, 3] y = [10, 20, 30] plt.plot……
Simple Explanation
Suppose student marks: Arun = 80 Bala = 90 Kumar = 70 Numbers மட்டும் பார்த்தால்: 80 90 70 difference உடனடியா……
Comparison
↓ Pattern / Trend கண்டுபிடித்த……
Flow
Raw Data ↓ Python List / NumPy Array / Pandas Data ↓ Import Matplotlib ↓ Choose Plot Type ↓ Create Plot ↓ ……
Syntax
Matplotlib pyplot import
Explanation
Here: matplotlib → Library pyplot → Plotting interface/module plt → Common alias Basic Plot Syntax ……
Program
Program 1
Explanation
x = [1, 2, 3, 4] y = [10, 20,……
(1,10) (2,20) (3,30) (4,40)…
Concept
Y 40 | * 30 | * 20 | * 10 | *……
Why Matplotlib?
Matplotlib useful for: Data visualization Data analysis Scientific computing Statistics Machine Learning resu……
Installing Matplotlib
Official installation can be done with pip, for example: python……
Important
Matplotlib alias: plt…
Remember
import matplotlib.pyplot as p……
Memory Trick
NumPy → np Pandas → pd Matplotlib pypl……
What is Pyplot?
pyplot என்பது Matplotlib-ல் plotting functions access செய்ய commonly used inte……
X-Axis and Y-Axis
Graph-க்கு பொதுவாக இரண்டு axe……
Explanation
Example
x = [1, 2, 3] y = [50, 70, 90……
Explanation
days = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] marks = [50, 60, 70, 80……
plt.plot()
Definition
plt.plot() primarily plots y vers……
Explanation
Example
plt.plot( [1, 2, 3], [10, 20,……
Important
X and Y sequences normally need corresponding da……
Common Mistake
Wrong: x = [1, 2, 3] y = [10, 20] plt.p……
Plot with Only Y Values
Program
Example
Explanation
y = [10, 20, 30, 40] plt.plot(y) plt.show() If only Y dat……
Concept
x → 0 1 2 3 y →10 20 30 40…
Markers
Markers show individual data ……
Explanation
Example
plt.plot( x, y, marker="o" ) ……
Explanation
x = [1, 2, 3, 4] y = [10, 20, 15, 30] plt.plo……
Important
Common markers: o → Circle s ……
Important
- → Star - → Plus…
Important
x → X marker . → Point Matplotlib plot() accepts……
Line Style
Explanation
Example
plt.plot( x, y, linestyle="--……
List
- → Solid…
Explanation
-- → Dashed -. → Dash-dot : → D……
Definition
Meaning
Circle markers Dashed connect……
Line Width
plt.plot( x, y, linewidth=3 )……
Figure Title
Use: plt.title("Student Marks……
Program
Example
Explanation
x = [1, 2, 3] y = [70, 80, 90] plt……
X-Axis Label
plt.xlabel("Days")…
Y-Axis Label
plt.ylabel("Marks")…
Explanation
days = [1, 2, 3, 4] marks = [60, 70, 75, 90] plt.plot(da……
Title → Student Progress X-ax……
Explanation
plt.title("Student Progress") Graph heading.……
Memory Trick
TXY T → Title X → X label Y →……
Grid
Grid lines help read graph values. plt.grid……
Explanation
x = [1, 2, 3, 4] y = [20, 30,……
Multiple Lines in One Graph
Explanation
Example
Student A: 60 70 80 Student B……
Explanation
x = [1, 2, 3] a = [60, 70, 80] b = [50, 75, 90……
Legend
Legend identifies each plotte……
Explanation
Example
plt.plot( x, a, label="Arun" ……
Explanation
days = [1, 2, 3] arun = [70, 80, 90] bala = [60, 75, 85] plt.plot( days, arun, label="Ar……
Important
label= defines series name. l……
Memory Trick
label → Name it legend → Show……
Definition
Line plot connects data points using lines. Useful fo……
Explanation
plt.plot(x, y)…
Explanation
months = [1, 2, 3, 4] sales = [100, 150, 140, 200] plt.plot( mont……
Definition
Bar chart categorical values compare செய்ய பயன்படுகிறது. O……
Explanation
Example
Arun → 90 Bala → 75 Kumar → 85 plt.bar(x, height) ……
Explanation
students = [ "Arun", "Bala", "Kumar" ] marks = [ 90, 75, 85 ] plt.……
Concept
Marks 90 | █ 80 | █ █ 70 | █ ……
Explanation
plt.bar( students, marks ) st……
Important
Bar chart useful for: Category comparison Examples: ……
Horizontal Bar Chart
Use: plt.barh(x, values)…
Explanation
Example
plt.barh( students, marks ) B……
Definition
Scatter plot uses individual markers to show relationship/distribution betwe……
Explanation
plt.scatter(x, y)…
Explanation
hours = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] marks = [45, 55, 65, 78, 90] plt.scatter( h……
Simple Explanation
Points: (1,45) (2,55) (3,65) (4,78) (5,90) No need t……
Comparison
Line vs Scatter
Definition
Pie chart ஒரு whole-ஐ slices/fractions ஆக represent செய்கிறது.……
Explanation
plt.pie(values) With labels:…
Explanation
subjects = [ "Python", "Java"……
Explanation
plt.title("Course Selection")……
Important
Total: 50 + 30 + 20 = 100 Pie……
Percentage in Pie Chart
Use: autopct="%1.1f%%"…
Explanation
Example
plt.pie( students, labels=subjects, autopct="%1……
Concept
Python 50.0% Java 30.0% C 20.……
Explode in Pie Chart
One slice highlight செய்ய: explode = [0.1, 0, 0] Then: plt.pie( students, la……
Definition
Histogram numerical data distribution-ஐ intervals or bins ஆக divide செய்து f……
Explanation
plt.hist(data) Specify bins:…
Explanation
marks = [ 45, 50, 52, 60, 65,……
Explanation
plt.xlabel("Marks") plt.ylabel("F……
Simple Explanation
Suppose marks: 41-50 → 2 students 51-60 → 2 students 61-70……
Important
bins means: How data range is divided into intervals/grou……
Comparison
Bar Chart vs Histogram
Figure
Definition
A Figure is the overall drawing/container that holds one or more plotting are……
Explanation
plt.figure() plt.plot( [1, 2,……
Figure Size
figsize controls the figure dim……
Program
Example
Explanation
plt.plot( [1, 2, 3], [10, 20,……
Memory Trick
figsize = Figure Size…
Figure vs Axes
This is one of the most important Matplotlib concepts. Think: Figure ┌─────────────────────────┐ │ │ │ A……
Important
Students often think: Axes = only X-axis + Y-axis That is incomplete. In ……
Object-Oriented Method
A very common modern pattern: fig, ax = plt.sub……
Explanation
x = [1, 2, 3] y = [10, 20, 30] fig, ax = plt.subplots() a……
Explanation
fig, ax = plt.subplots() Creates: fig → Figure ax → Axes ax.plot(x, y……
Comparison
Pyplot Style vs Object-Oriented Style Pyplot: plt.plot(x, y) plt.title("Graph") Object-Oriented: fig, ax = pl……
Subplots
Definition
Subplots means: Multiple graphs inside one figure. ……
Explanation
x = [1, 2, 3] y1 = [10, 20, 30] y2 = [30, 20, 10] fig, axes = plt.subplots(……
Explanation
plt.subplots(1, 2) means: 1 r……
Dry Run
Figure ┌────────────┬────────────┐ │ Axe……
Explanation
2 × 2 Subplots fig, axes = plt.subplots( 2, 2 ) Total: 2 ……
Saving a Graph
Use: plt.savefig("graph.png") Official savefig() saves the current figure to an image or v……
Explanation
x = [1, 2, 3] y = [10, 20, 30] p……
Important
Common save extensions include: .png .pdf .svg savefig() c……
DPI
DPI: Dots Per Inch Save:…
Memory Trick
Higher DPI → More output pixe……
Axis Limits
Set X range: plt.xlim(0, 10) ……
Explanation
Example
plt.xlim( 0, 5 ) plt.ylim( 0,……
Tick Marks
Custom X ticks: plt.xticks( [1, 2, 3,……
NumPy with Matplotlib
NumPy and Matplotlib commonly……
Program
Example
Explanation
plt.plot(x, y) plt.show()…
Program
Graph represents
Pandas with Matplotlib
Pandas DataFrame values can b……
Program
Example
Explanation
data = { "Name": [ "Arun", "B……
Explanation
plt.bar( df["Name"], df["Mark……
Flow
Pandas DataFrame ↓ Select col……
Comparison
NumPy vs Pandas vs Matplotlib
Memory Trick
NPM Flow NumPy ↓ Numbers Pand……
Important Plot Types
Matplotlib's official plot-type refer……
Comparison
Which Graph Should I Use? Trend over time: Line Plot Compare categories: Ba……
Important
Complete Basic Plot import matplotlib.pyplot as plt x = [1, 2, 3, 4] y = [60, 70, 80, 90] plt.p……
Explanation
plt.plot(...) Creates plot. marker="o" Circle marker. label="Marks" Series label. plt.title(...) Graph ……
Common Mistake
Error 1
Wrong Import Wrong: import matplotlib pyplot as plt C……
Common Mistake
Error 2
Plt instead of plt Wrong: Plt.plot(……
Common Mistake
Error 3
Missing Comma in Lists Wrong: pl……
Common Mistake
Error 4
plt show Wrong: plt show() Co……
Common Mistake
Error 5
plt.show Without Call plt.show Thi……
Common Mistake
Error 6
List Object Is Not Callable Suppose student writes: plt.plot = [1, 2, 3] Now plt.plot function name has been ……
Common Mistake
Error 7
plt.newfig() Wrong: plt.newfig() There is no standard pyplot ……
Common Mistake
Error 8
plt.new figure() Wrong: plt.new figure() Pyth……
Common Mistake
Error 9
Different X and Y Length Wrong: x = [1, 2, 3] y = [10, 20] plt.plot(x, y) Bo……
Common Mistake
Error 10
Bar and Histogram Same என்று நினைப்பது Bar: plt.bar() Category comparison. Histogram: plt.hist() Numerica……
Common Mistake
Error 11
plot() and scatter() Same என்று நினைப்பது Line: plt.plot(x……
Common Mistake
Error 12
Save After Closing Safer order when both saving and displaying: plt.savefig("graph……
Memory Trick
Matplotlib Master Memory P T X Y G L S P → Plot T → Title X → X label Y → Y label ……
Memory Trick
Plot-Type Memory L B S P H L ……
Memory Trick
Graph Selection Trend → Line Compare → B……
TRB Point
TRB Point 1
Matplotlib is a Python visualization libr……
TRB Point
TRB Point 2
Common import: import matplot……
TRB Point
TRB Point 3
Common alias: plt…
TRB Point
TRB Point 4
Line plot: plt.plot()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 5
Bar chart: plt.bar()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 6
Scatter plot: plt.scatter()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 7
Pie chart: plt.pie()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 8
Histogram: plt.hist()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 9
Graph display: plt.show()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 10
Graph title: plt.title()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 11
X-axis label: plt.xlabel()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 12
Y-axis label: plt.ylabel()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 13
Grid: plt.grid()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 14
Legend: plt.legend()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 15
New Figure: plt.figure()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 16
Subplots: plt.subplots()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 17
Save figure: plt.savefig()…
TRB Point
TRB Point 18
figsize controls Figure size.…
TRB Point
TRB Point 19
bins is an important histogra……
TRB Point
TRB Point 20
autopct can show percentages ……
TRB Point
TRB Point 21
Figure is the overall plottin……
TRB Point
TRB Point 22
Axes is the actual plotting a……
TRB Point
TRB Point 23
fig, ax = plt.subplots() crea……
Interview Point
Question 1
What is Matplotlib? Answer Matplotlib is a Python library for creating visualiz……
Interview Point
Question 2
What is pyplot? Answer pyplot is a Matplotlib plotting interface that p……
Interview Point
Question 3
What does plt.plot() do? Answer plt.plo……
Interview Point
Question 4
What does plt.show() do? Answer It requests di……
Interview Point
Question 5
What is the difference between a Figure and Axes? Answer A Figure is the ……
Interview Point
Question 6
What is the difference between bar chart and histogram? Answer A bar chart compares ……
Interview Point
Question 7
What is the difference between line plot and scatter plot? Answer A line plot normally connects ……
Interview Point
Question 8
What is a subplot? Answer A subplot is one plotting area withi……
Interview Point
Question 9
How do you save a Matplotlib graph? Answer Use: plt.sav……
Interview Point
Question 10
What is a histogram bin? Answer A bin represents an interval us……
MCQ
Matplotlib is mainly used for:…
MCQ 2
Which is the common import? A. import matplotlib as pd B. i……
MCQ
Common pyplot alias is:…
MCQ
Which function creates a comm……
MCQ
Which displays the plot?…
MCQ
Which creates a vertical bar ……
MCQ
Which creates a scatter plot?…
MCQ
Which creates a pie chart?…
MCQ
Which creates a histogram?…
MCQ
Which adds X-axis label?…
MCQ
Which adds Y-axis label?…
MCQ
Which adds graph title?…
MCQ
Which displays legend informa……
MCQ
Which displays grid lines?…
MCQ
Which creates a new Figure?…
MCQ 16
What is the correct command? A. plt show() B……
MCQ
Which is best for categorical……
MCQ
Which is best for numerical f……
MCQ
Which is best to study relati……
MCQ
What does bins commonly contr……
MCQ
Which method saves a figure?…
MCQ
What does this create? fig, a……
MCQ
What does this mean? plt.subp……
MCQ
Which graph commonly shows pa……
MCQ
Which option can show percent……
Practice
Practice 1
Create a line plot: x = 1,2,3,4 y = 10,20,30,40 Answer: imp……
Practice
Practice 2
Add circle markers. plt.plot(……
Practice
Practice 3
Add title: plt.title( "My Fir……
Practice
Practice 4
Add labels: plt.xlabel( "X Va……
Practice
Practice 5
Add grid: plt.grid()…
Practice
Practice 6
Create Bar Chart: import matplotlib.pyplot as plt na……
Practice
Practice 7
Create Scatter Plot: x = [1, 2, 3,……
Practice
Practice 8
Create Pie Chart: values = [ 50, 30, 20 ] labels = ……
Practice
Practice 9
Create Histogram: marks = [ 40, 45, 50, 5……
Practice
Practice 10
Create two lines with legend. x = [1, 2, 3] a = [10, 20, 30] ……
Practice
Practice 11
Create a new Figure: plt.figu……
Practice
Practice 12
Save graph: plt.savefig( "myg……
Practice
Practice 13
Create Figure and Axes: fig, ax = pl……
Practice
Practice 14
Create 1 × 2 subplots. fig, a……
Practice
Practice 15
Choose the correct graph: Student marks by subject: Bar Chart Daily temperature tr……
Summary
Matplotlib is a Python visualization library. pyplot provides convenient plotting functions. Common alias is ……
Quick Revision
Matplotlib → Visualization Import → import matplotlib.pyplot as plt Alias → plt Line → plt.plot() Bar → plt.b……
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