OPERATORS IN C++…
OPERATORS IN C++
Operator என்பது variables அல்லது values மீது ஒரு குறிப்பிட்ட operation செய்ய பயன்படுத்தப்படும் symbol. Simple definition: An operator is a symbol that performs an operation on one or more operands.
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Definition
Operator என்பது variables அல்லது values மீது ஒரு குறிப்பிட்ட operation செய்ய ……
Explanation
Example
int c = a + b; இதில்: a , b →……
List
- → Operator…
List
- operator இரண்டு values-ஐ ad……
Simple Explanation
Mathematics-ல்: 10 + 20 இதில்……
Simple Explanation
- → Addition operation…
Simple Explanation
C++-லும் இதே concept. int result = 10 + 20; இங்கு: 10……
Explanation
Operand என்றால் என்ன?
Operator எந்த values மீது வேலை செய்……
List
- → Operator…
Explanation
Another: x++; இதில்: x → Oper……
Flow
Operands ↓ Operator applied ↓……
Explanation
Example
10 + 5 ↓ Addition ↓ 15…
Explanation
Main types of operators in c++
C++-ல் முக்கியமாக: Arithmetic Operators Relational Operators Logical Operators ……
ARITHMETIC OPERATORS
Explanation
Arithmetic calculations செய்ய……
Explanation
Addition +
int a = 10; int b = 20; int c……
Explanation
Subtraction
int a = 20; int b = 5; int c ……
Output
Result
Explanation
Multiplication *
int a = 5; int b = 4; int c =……
Output
Result
Explanation
Division /
int a = 20; int b = 5; int c ……
Output
Result
Important
Very important - integer division
int x = 5 / 2; Mathematics: 5 / 2 = 2.5 ஆனால் C++ integ……
Explanation
Floating division
double x = 5.0 / 2.0;…
Output
Result
Also: double x = 5 / 2.0;…
Output
Result
ஏனெனில் one operand floating-……
Explanation
Modulus %
% remainder கண்டுபிடிக்க பயன்……
Program
So
Real Life Example
Modulus examples
10 % 2 = 0 11 % 2 = 1 15 % 4 ……
Explanation
Modulus use - even / odd
if (number % 2 == 0) { cout…
Important
% normally integer operands-க……
Explanation
Example
10 % 3 Valid. Floating-point remainder தேவை……
Program
Arithmetic program
Explanation
return 0; }…
Notice: 20 / 6 = 3 because in……
RELATIONAL OPERATORS
Two values-ஐ compare செய்ய பய……
Output
Result
Table
Main relational operators
Explanation
Equal to ==
10 == 10…
Output
Result
Output
Result
= → Assignment.…
Definition
Meaning
10 value-ஐ x-க்கு assign செய்……
Definition
Meaning
x value 10-க்கு equal-ஆ என்று……
Explanation
Not equal !=
10 != 20…
Output
Result
Because 10 and 20 are not equ……
Explanation
Greater than >
20 > 10…
Output
Result
Explanation
Less than <
5 < 10…
Output
Result
Explanation
Greater than or equal >=
10 >= 10 True. 15 >= 10 True.…
Explanation
Less than or equal <=
10…
Explanation
return 0; }…
Because default C++ output: t……
Explanation
Boolalpha
If we want: true false instea……
Program
Example
LOGICAL OPERATORS
Multiple conditions combine செ……
` ! Logical NOT…
Explanation
Logical and &&
Both conditions true என்றால் மட்டும் result true. true && true → ……
Explanation
Both conditions: age >= 18 → ……
Explanation
Logical or ||
At least one condition true இருந்தால் result true. Truth t……
Program
Example
Explanation
Logical not !
Result reverse செய்யும். !tru……
Output
Result
Because: !false = true…
Table
Truth table
Table
NOT:
Explanation
Short-circuit evaluation
இந்த concept exam/interview-க்கு important. For: A && B A……
Program
Example
Program
If
Explanation
First condition: x != 0 → false அதனால் second c……
Explanation
Or short circuit
A || B A true என்றால் entire ……
ASSIGNMENT OPERATORS
Explanation
Variable-க்கு value assign செய்ய பய……
Table
Compound assignment operators
Explanation
[+=] int x = 10; x += 5; Means: x = x + 5; Calcula……
Output
Result
x *= 4; Means:…
Output
Result
x %= 3; Means:…
Explanation
return 0; }…
INCREMENT AND DECREMENT OPERATORS
Increment: ++ Decrement: --…
Explanation
Increment ++
Value by 1 increase செய்கிறது. int……
Explanation
Decrement
Value by 1 decrease செய்கிறது……
Explanation
Two types
Increment: ++x → Pre-increment x++ → Pos……
Explanation
Pre-increment
int x = 5; int y = ++x; Step-by-step: x ……
Explanation
Post-increment
int x = 5; int y = x++; Step-by-step: x = 5 First old……
Explanation
Example
int x = 5;…
But: int x = 5;…
Program
After statement
Explanation
Pre-decrement
int x = 5; int y = --x;…
Output
Result
Explanation
Post-decrement
int x = 5; int y = x--;…
Output
Result
BITWISE OPERATORS
Bit-level operations செய்ய பயன்படும். Int……
Explanation
Example
5 = 0101 3 = 0011 Apply: 0101……
0001 So: 5 & 3…
Output
Result
Explanation
Bitwise or |
0101 0011…
0111…
Output
Result
So: 5 | 3 = 7.…
Explanation
Bitwise xor ^
XOR: Same bits → 0 Different bits → 1 5 = 0……
Output
Result
Explanation
Bitwise not ~
All bits invert செய்கிறது. 0 → 1 1 → 0 Example conceptually: 00000101 ↓ 11111010 ……
Explanation
Left shift <<
Bits left side shift செய்கிறத……
Output
Result
For non-negative integers, shifting right by one often behaves like division……
Explanation
Example
true && false Logical. But: 5……
CONDITIONAL / TERNARY OPERATOR
Explanation
C++-ல் ternary operator: ? : இதற்கு three operands இருப்பதால் ternary operator என்று அழைக்க……
Output
Result
Flow
Ternary flow
Condition | +---- true ----> Expression 1 | +---- false ---> Expression 2 [IF-ELSE v……
Explanation
int maxValue = (a > b) ? a : ……
Explanation
return 0; }…
SPECIAL OPERATORS
C++-ல் பல special operators உள்ளன. Important ones: sizeof & * :……
Common output: 4 But actual s……
Explanation
Example
int x = 10;…
Explanation
Address-of operator &
Variable-ன் memory address ob……
Explanation
Dereference operator *
Pointer points செய்யும் address-ல் ……
Here * has a different meanin……
Explanation
Example
std::cout Here: :: Scope resolution operator. It……
Explanation
Member access .
Object member access செய்ய: s……
Explanation
Arrow operator ->
Pointer-to-object மூலம் member access செய்ய: ptr->mark [……
Explanation
Function call operator ()
display(); () function call s……
Explanation
Comma operator ,
Comma பல contexts-ல் separator ஆகவும், expression operator ஆகவும் இருக்கும். Example separator: int a, b, c; ……
Explanation
Operators based on number of operands
Operators-ஐ operands count அடிப்படையிலும் classify செய்யலாம். Unary Operator One operand. Examples: ++x --x !……
Output
Result
Here - unary operator. But: a - b Here - bi……
Explanation
Operator precedence
When multiple operators occur in one expression, compiler எந்த operation first perform செய்ய வேண்டும் என்பதை ……
Explanation
With parentheses
int x = (2 + 3) * 4; Parenthe……
Output
Result
Explanation
Common precedence order
For basic exams, remember rou……
Explanation
- / %…
Explanation
↓…
Explanation
- -…
Explanation
↓ < >= ↓ == != ↓ && ↓ || ↓ ?: ↓ = += -= *= /……
Explanation
Associativity
Same precedence operators multiple times இருந்……
List
- is left-associative.…
Explanation
So: (20 - 10) - 5 = 10 - 5 = ……
Explanation
Right-to-left assignment
Assignment operators associat……
Program
Example
Program
Process
Explanation
then…
Program
Final
Program
Program - multiple operators
Explanation
int result = a + b * 2;…
Explanation
return 0; }…
Common Mistake
Common error 2 - integer division
double x = 5 / 2; You might expect: 2.5 But 5 / 2 happens……
Output
Result
Common Mistake
Common error 3 - modulus
Do not treat: 10 % 3 as percentage. % means remainder, ……
Output
Result
Common Mistake
Common error 4 - pre/post increment
int x = 5; cout…
But x after statement: 6 Wher……
[COMMON_ERROR 5 - && vs &] condition1 && condition2 Logical AND. n……
Dry Run
Dry run 2
Important
Remember these strongly: = → Assignment == → Equality comparison && → L……
Memory Trick
Main operator types: A R L A I B C A → Arithmetic R → Rel……
TRB Point
What is an operator? An operator is a symbol that ……
TRB Point
Trb point - very important
Consider: int x = 10 + 5; Token analysis: int……
TRB Point
- → Arithmetic operator…
TRB Point
5 → Integer literal ; → Punct……
TRB Point
Trb point - pre/post
Given: int x = 5; int y = x++; Final:……
Interview Point
Difference between = and ==? ……
Program
Example
Explanation
Assigns. x == 10 Compares.…
Interview Point
Difference between && and &? && Logical AND Used mainly with Boolean conditions Supports short-circuit ……
Interview Point
Difference between x++ and ++x? When used as a standalone statement……
MCQ
Which is an arithmetic operat……
MCQ
Which operator finds remainde……
MCQ
What is 10 % 3?…
MCQ
Equality operator is:…
MCQ
Assignment operator is:…
MCQ
Logical AND operator is:…
MCQ
Logical OR operator is:…
MCQ
Logical NOT operator is:…
MCQ
What is the output? int x = 5……
MCQ
Afterward x = 6. 1. What is t……
MCQ
What is: 5 / 2 when both oper……
MCQ
Which is a ternary operator?…
MCQ
x += 5 means:…
Output
Result
Answer: 1…
Algorithm
1. Which has higher precedenc……
Answer: B) * Therefore: 2 + 3……
Output
Result
Practice
Find the output: int a = 10; ……
Practice
Practice 2
Find final values: int x = 10……
Dry Run
x = 10 x += 5 x = 15 x *= 2 x……
Practice
Practice 3
Find output: int x = 5; cout…
Summary
Operator Operator என்பது operands மீது operation செய்யும் symbol. Main categories: O……
Summary
- → Addition - → Subtraction ……
Summary
/ → Division % → Remainder = → Assignment == → Comparison && → AND || → OR ! →……
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